Theory 
Every toothpaste contains the following ingredients: binders, abrasives, subsets, humectants, flavours, sweeteners, fluorides, tooth whiteners, a preservative and water. Binders thicken toothpaste- they prevent separation of the solid and liquid component, especially storage. They also effect the speed and volume of foam production, rate of flavour release and product dispersal, the appearance of toothpaste ribbon on the toothbrush. Some binders are gum solid alginate, methyl cellulose, carrageen and magnesium aluminium silicate
Colour of The Paste- White
| Experiment | Observation | Inference |
| Take a part of the solution and add MgSO4 solution. | Formation of white ppt. | CO3 confirmed |
| Take a part of the solution and add ammonium hydride (1-2 ml) | Formation of white ppt. | Ca confirmed |
| Take a part of solution and add magnesium mixture (mixture of NH4Cl and NH4OH) | Formation of white ppt. | PO4 confirmed. |
| Acidity a portion of aqueous solution whit dilute HNO3. Boil and cool and add AgNO3. | A yellow ppt. is formed which is insoluble NH4OH | I is conformed |
| Take a small quantity of solution and add oxalic acid | Smells like that of vinegar | CH3COO absent |
| Prepare the paste of it with a few drops of water rub and smell. | ||
| To one part of the solution and add KI | No reaction | Pb absent |
| To one part of the solution and add solid NH4Cl and NH4OH is slight excess and then add ammonium phosphate | A white ppt is formed | Mg present |
Chemical Reaction
1. CO3 + MgSO4 → MgCO3 + SO4 (white ppt.)
2. CO3 + 2CH3COOH → (CH3COO)2 Ca + H2O
(CH3COO)2Ca + (NH4)2C2O4 → 2CHCOONH4 +CaC2O4
3. NaHPO4 + MgCl2 + NH4OH → Mg (NH4)PO4 + 2NaCl + H2O
4. I+ AgNO3 →NO3+AgI (yellow ppt.)
5. (COOH)2 + 2CH3COONa → NO REACTION
6. Pb + 2KI→ NO REACTION
7. MgCl2 + NH4OH+ (NH3)2HPO4 → Mg (NH4)PO4 + 2NH4 +H2O
Test On Colgate
Colour of Paste- White
| Experiment | Observation | Inference |
| Take a part of the solution and add MgSO4 solution | Formation of white ppt. | CO3 confirmed |
| Take a part of solution and add ammonium hydroxide. | Formation of white ppt. | PO4 confirmed. |
| Take a part of solution and add magnesia mixture (mixture of NH2 Cl and NH4OH) and allow to stand | Formation of white ppt. | PO4 confirmed. |
| Acidity a portion of aqueous solution with dilute HCl. Boil and cool and add AgNO3. | A yellow ppt. is formed which is insoluble NH4Oh | I confirmed |
| Take a small quantity of solution and add oxalic acid | Smell like that of vinegar | CH3COO absent |
| Prepare the paste of it with few drops of water rub and smell | ||
| Take one part of solution | No reaction | Pb absent |
| To one part of the solution and add solid NH4Cland NH4OH in slight excess then add ammonium phosphate. | A white ppt. is formed | Mg absent |
IONS PRESENT:- Mg, I, PO4, Ca, CO3
Chemical Reactions
1. CO3 +MgSO4 → MgCO3 + SO4
(white ppt.)
2. CO3 + 2CH3COOH → (CH3COO)2 Ca + H2O
(CH3COO)2Ca + (NH4)2C2O4 → 2CHCOONH4 +CaC2O4
3. NaHPO4 + MgCl2+ NH4OH → Mg (NH4) PO4 + 2NaCl + H2O
4. I+ AgNO3 →NO3 +AgI
(yellow ppt.)
5. (COOH)2 + 2CH3COONa → NO REACTION
6. Pb + 2KI→ NO REACTION
7. MgCl2 + NH4OH+ (NH3)2HPO4 → Mg NH4)PO4 + 2NH4 +H2O
Test On Close Up
Colour of The Paste- Red Gel
| Experiment | Observation | Inference |
| Take a part of the solution and add MgSO4 solution. | Formation of white ppt. | CO3 confirmed |
| Take a part of the solution and add ammonium oxalic (1-2 ml) and add little ammonium hydroxide | Formation of white ppt. | Ca confirmed |
| Take a part of solution and add magnesium mixture (mixture of NH4Cl and NH4OH) and allow to stand | Formation of white ppt. | PO4 confirmed. |
| Acidity a portion of aqueous solution whit dilute HNO3. Boil and cool and add AgNO3. | Formation of white ppt. | I is conformed |
| Take a small quantity of solution and add oxalic acid | Formation of white ppt. | CH3COO absent |
| To one part of the solution and add KI | Formation of white ppt. | Pb absent |
| To one part of the solution and add solid NH4Cl and NH4OH is slight excess and then add ammonium phosphate | Formation of white ppt. | Mg present |
IONS PRESENT:- Mg, I, PO4, Ca, CO3, CH3COO
Chemical Reactions
1. CO3 +MgSO4 → MgCO3 + SO4 (white ppt.)
2. CO3 + 2CH3COOH → (CH3COO) 2Ca + H2O
(CH3COO)2Ca + (NH4)2C2O4 → 2CHCOONH4 +CaC2O4
3. NaHPO4 + MgCl2 + NH4OH → Mg (NH4) PO4 + 2NaCl + H2O
4. I+ AgNO3 → NO3+AgI (yellow ppt.)
5. (COOH)2 + 2CH3COONa → NO REACTION
6. Pb + 2KI→ NO REACTION
7. MgCl2 + NH4OH+ (NH3)2HPO4 → Mg (NH4)PO4 + 2NH4 +H2O
Conclusion
Hence after testing different samples of toothpaste, we find that Colgate has all necessary for stronger and whiter teeth
Bibliography
NCERT CHEMISTRY
WWW.THECHEMISTRYGURU.COM
